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Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Emulating your conversation partner's actions is a common human behavior classified as "mirroring"
and has been known and studied by psychologists for years. We all tend to subconsciously copy gestures of
people we like. But why do we act like this?
As a rule, mirroring means that conversationalists enjoy their communication and that there's a
certain level of agreement between them. The topic of discussion is equally interesting for both and they
know their interests meet.
Repeating someone's behavior is typical of talented communicators, not always because the person is
sympathetic, but because there is a goal to be achieved. This way new idols have been brought to the
stage: politicians, celebrities, and other big names. Popular culture makes people want to look popular,
and act and speak like popular people.
Nowadays celebrities steal lyrics from each other and struggle with copyright violation accusations or
straightforwardly claim themselves to be the authors, even though all the work was done by other people.
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Among celebrities, it's trendy nowadays to use their own speech writers as politicians do. The so-
called "ghostwriting" can take various forms: books, articles, autobiographies, and even social media
posts.
Who is a true copycat and who gets copycatted? Sometimes, it is a hard nut to crack without
an expert's help. But new authorship defending methods based on identifying individual writing patterns
are already here. Their aim is to protect intellectual property. Using scientific methods, some of them can
define authorship with 85 % accuracy.
Writing is not an easy craft to master. If you want to write like a professional without plagiarism , there are a few lessons to learn and the first one is: "Copy from one, it's plagiarism; copy from two,
it's research." The correct interpretation of this statement is not about copying, but rather about creating
your own style. When you study an author's writing style, don't stop on a single one, but explore numerous
styles instead. Examine types of sentences they use, pay attention to their metaphors, and focus on stories
you feel you could write a pretty cool sequel .
Imitation is rather paradoxical. As an integral part of learning, it brings about positive changes,
making people develop and grow. However, it may do a lot of harm. Copying someone's thoughts, ideas
or inventions is completely unacceptable. It infringes on intellectual property rights of others.
Still, many things we do are about copying others one way.or another. So if you want to compliment
someone on the work they have done and imitate it, just make sure you do it the right way to avoid
committing plagiarism.
51. What do people tend to do while engaging in a conversation?
A) Repeat what their partners say one way or another.
B) Focus as much as possible on topics of mutual interest.
C) Imitate their partners' gestures without their knowing it.
D) Observe carefully how their partners make use of gestures.
52. When does mirroring usually take place in a conversation?
A) When both sides are sympathetic with each other.
B) When both sides have a lot of things in common.
C) When both sides make interesting contributions.
D) When both sides try to seek common ground.
53. What do we learn about popular culture?
A) It encourages people to imitate. C) I.t acquaints young people with their idols.
B) It appeals mostly to big names. D) It .can change people's mode of cognition.
54. Why is the saying "copy from two, it's research" a lesson to learn?
A) It facilitates the creation of one's own writing style.
B) lt helps that prottxt _ont!'S intellectμal pr9perty rights.
C) It fosters correct interpretation of professional writing..
D) It enables one to write intriguing sequels to famous stories.
55. Why does the author say imitation is rather paradoxical?
A) It is liable to different interpretations. C) Jt can give rise to endless disputes.
B) It is by and large a necessary evil. D) It may do harm
