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Section C
Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C) and D).You should decide on the best
choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Research is meant to benefit society by raising public awareness and creating products and innovations
that enhance development. For research to serve its full purpose, the results must leave the confines of research
laboratories and academic journals.
Findings effectively communicated can go a long way to serve the interests of the public. They can help
address social injustices or improve treatments offered to patients.
Many researchers seem to be content with sharing the results of thcir studies in academic journals or at
conferences. But few journals allow everybody to read the findings. Even articles freely available are usually
written in academic language incomprehensible to the average reader.
For researchers in the tenure-track system, their main goal is winning tenure, which in part can be achieved
by getting a number of papers published in prominent journals. Pressures like this mean community-level
outreach is not prioritised.
Many researchers lack the writing skills to describe their results to a general audience. They may also worry
about whether the public will understand their findings, or about findings being used to influence controversial policies. These concerns cause some researchers to shy away from communicating their findings outside the academic community.
Propagating research findings beyond academic publications is particularly crucial for addressing certain
social discrepancies. It can help families, communities, healthcare providers, policymakers, government agencies and other stakeholders to understand and respond to crises that plague society.
The benefits of sharing findings flow both ways. Engaging with other researchers and the public can lead to
unexpected new connections and new ideas that could suggest fruitful new directions for research. To benefit both researchers and the communities, the need to find innovative, accessible ways to share the
work cannot be overstated. Institutions and funding organisations should support more researchers to publish in open access journals so that the public doesn't have to pay to read them. Institutions and researchers should invest in partnerships that expand capacity for sharing results more broadly.
Furthermore, ethics committees should make it mandatory for researchers to share their results with the
public.Every research participant should opt in or out of receiving results, as part of the process of giving
informed consent.
There could be misunderstanding of the findings presented by the researcher because of technical terms.
But this can be resolved by researchers engaging the services of professional writers or communication officersto help with translating their study into more accessible language and share it widely with media outlets and thepublic.
Sharing results with the people who are most affected by them makes us better researchers and ensures that our work can be used to improve people's lives. Institutions and collaborators must recognise the value of doing so.
46. How can research serve its full purpose according to the author?
A)With researchers being aware of public interests.
B) With its findings published in prominent journals.
C) With researchers creating products that enhance social development.
D) With its findings properly communicated beyond the academic circle.
D
47.Why do ordinary readers find it difficult to access the results of researchers'studies?
A) They cannot understand the academic language used for reporting these results.
B) They feel intimidated by the jargon researchers use to describe their findings.
C) They do not attend conferences where these results are freely available.
D) They have few chances to locate the journals that publish these findings.
A
48.What is one of the reasons some researchers won't prioritise communicating their findings to the public?
A) They can thrive on the papers published.
B) Their top consideration is to win tenure.
C) Their main goal is gaining recognition in their field.
D) They have to struggle to reach out to the community.
B
49.How can sharing findings benefit researchers themselves?
A) By helping them to identify new research directions.
B) By enabling them to understand crises plaguing society.
C) By enabling them to effectively address social discrepancies.
D) By helping them to forge ties with government agencies.
A
50.Why are researchers advised to engage the services of professional writers or communication officers?
A) To satisfy ethics committees' mandatory requirements of researchers.
B) To translate their study into languages accessible to readers overseas.
C) To make their publications correctly understood by the public.
D) To render their findings acceptable by prominent journals.
C
